KVM: x86/mmu: Add optimized helper to retrieve an SPTE's index

Add spte_index() to dedup all the code that calculates a SPTE's index
into its parent's page table and/or spt array.  Opportunistically tweak
the calculation to avoid pointer arithmetic, which is subtle (subtract in
8-byte chunks) and less performant (requires the compiler to generate the
subtraction).

Suggested-by: David Matlack <dmatlack@google.com>
Reviewed-by: David Matlack <dmatlack@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Message-Id: <20220712020724.1262121-2-seanjc@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>