bpf: Expose socket storage to BPF_PROG_TYPE_CGROUP_SOCK

This lets us use socket storage from the following hooks:

* BPF_CGROUP_INET_SOCK_CREATE
* BPF_CGROUP_INET_SOCK_RELEASE
* BPF_CGROUP_INET4_POST_BIND
* BPF_CGROUP_INET6_POST_BIND

Using existing 'bpf_sk_storage_get_proto' doesn't work because
second argument is ARG_PTR_TO_SOCKET. Even though
BPF_PROG_TYPE_CGROUP_SOCK hooks operate on 'struct bpf_sock',
the verifier still considers it as a PTR_TO_CTX.
That's why I'm adding another 'bpf_sk_storage_get_cg_sock_proto'
definition strictly for BPF_PROG_TYPE_CGROUP_SOCK which accepts
ARG_PTR_TO_CTX which is really 'struct sock' for this program type.

Signed-off-by: Stanislav Fomichev <sdf@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Daniel Borkmann <daniel@iogearbox.net>
Acked-by: Song Liu <songliubraving@fb.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20200729003104.1280813-1-sdf@google.com